1. 举例子/Giving examples：For example, For instance, Namely
常用的就是for example和for instance, namely 用在解释或者说出什么事物的名称中，表达“也就是说”、“换言之就是”的意思。作插入语多。
2. 增加信息/Adding information：大家都耳熟能详，但是用法上还没弄清楚。
And ，In addition ，As well as ，Also ，Too， furthermore， Moreover ，Apart from ，In addition to ，Besides
and的用法：当然是用在两者之间。We discussed training, education and the budget.
also的用法：增加别的概念或者强调时用。但不能用在句首。
3. 总结信息/Summarising：In short, In brief, In summary, To summarize, In a nutshell, To conclude, In conclusion ，我们经常用这些词汇在写作和口语中表示总结。注意：In a nutshell是非正式表达，经常用于口语而非写作。
4. 强化观点间联系/ Sequencing ideas ：The former, … the latter, Firstly, secondly, finally. The first point is, Lastly, The following
5. 给出结果时/Giving a result ：Therefore, Consequently, As a result
6. 表示比较、转折、让步等时：Contrasting ideas :But, However, although / even, though Unlike, In theory… in, practice…, Nonetheless, While, Whereas, Despite / despite the fact that, In spite of / in spite of the fact that, Nevertheless